
Basic Syntax of a PL/SQL program is:
<declarations section>
BEGIN
<executable section>
EXCEPTION
<exception handling section>
END;
My 'First PL/SQL' Program:
v_message varchar2(20):= 'My first PLSQL program!';
BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line(v_message);
END;
/
Identifiers
PL/SQL identifiers are constants, variables, exceptions, procedures, cursors, and reserved words. The identifiers consist of a letter optionally followed by more letters, numerals, dollar signs, underscores, and number signs and should not exceed 30 characters.
By default, identifiers are not case-sensitive. So you can use integer or INTEGER to represent a numeric value. You cannot use a reserved keyword as an identifier.
Delimiters
List of PL/SQL delimiters:
Delimiter | Description |
---|---|
+, -, *, / | Addition, subtraction/negation, multiplication, division |
% | Attribute indicator |
' | Character string delimiter |
. | Component selector |
(,) | Expression or list delimiter |
: | Host variable indicator |
, | Item separator |
" | Quoted identifier delimiter |
= | Relational operator |
@ | Remote access indicator |
; | Statement terminator |
:= | Assignment operator |
=> | Association operator |
|| | Concatenation operator |
** | Exponentiation operator |
<<, >> | Label delimiter (begin and end) |
/*, */ | Multi-line comment delimiter (begin and end) |
-- | Single-line comment indicator |
.. | Range operator |
<, >, <=, >= | Relational operators |
<>, '=, ~=, ^= | Different versions of NOT EQUAL |
Comments
There are single-line and multi-line comments available in PL/SQL.
-- variable declaration
v_message varchar2(20):= 'My first PLSQL example!';
BEGIN
/*
* This is PL/SQL executable statement(s)
*/
dbms_output.put_line(message);
END;
/
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